Перевод: со всех языков на все языки

со всех языков на все языки

Со всех языков на:
Все языки
Со всех языков на:
Все языки
Английский
Итальянский
Немецкий
Французский

firm of architects

Толкование Перевод

1 firm

firm [fɜ:m]

1. noun

entreprise f

2. adjective

   a. ( = hard) [fruit, ground, handshake] ferme

   b. ( = secure) [table, ladder] stable ; [voice] ferme

• to keep a firm grip on [object, person] tenir fermement

   c. ( = strong) [foundation] solide

• to be on a firm footing [finances, relationship] être sain

• it is my firm belief that... je crois fermement que...

• to have a firm grasp of sth [subject, theory] avoir de solides connaissances sur qch

• they became firm friends ils sont devenus de grands amis

• to keep a firm grip on power tenir fermement les rênes du pouvoir

   d. ( = resolute) ferme

• to be firm with sb être ferme avec qn

• to take a firm stand (against sth) adopter une attitude ferme (contre qch)

• to stand firm (against sth) tenir bon (face à qch)

   e. ( = definite) [conclusion] définitif ; [information, news] sûr ; [evidence] solide ; [date] fixé

• firm offer offre f ferme

   f. [price, currency] stable

• the euro was firm against the dollar l'euro est resté stable par rapport au dollar

► firm up separable transitive verb

[+ muscles] raffermir ; [+ currency] consolider

* * *
[fɜːm] 1.
noun ( business) entreprise f, société f

firm of architects — cabinet m d'architecte
2.
adjective

1) ( hard) [mattress, fruit, handshake] ferme

to give something a firm tap/tug — taper/tirer quelque chose d'un coup sec

2) ( steady) [table, ladder] solide

3) fig ( strong) [foundation, basis, grasp] solide

it's my firm belief that — je crois fermement que

4) ( definite) [offer, intention, refusal] ferme; [date] définitif/-ive; [evidence] concret/-ète

5) ( resolute) [person, stand, leadership] ferme ( with somebody avec quelqu'un)

he needs a firm hand — il a besoin qu'on soit ferme avec lui

6) Finance [dollar, market] ferme
3.
adverb

to stand firm — tenir bon ( against contre)

to remain ou hold firm — [currency] rester ferme ( against par rapport à)

English-French dictionary > firm
2 firm

firm

A n ( business) entreprise f ; electronics/haulage firm entreprise d'électronique/de transports ; small firm petite entreprise f ; taxi firm compagnie f de taxi ; security firm société f de surveillance ; firm of architects cabinet m d'architecte ; law firm cabinet m juridique.

B adj

1 ( hard) [mattress, fruit, handshake] ferme ; to get a firm grip on sth tenir fermement qch ; to give sth a firm tap/tug taper/tirer qch d'un coup sec ;

2 ( steady) [table, ladder] solide ;

3 fig ( strong) [foundation, base, basis, grasp, friend] solide ; one must keep a firm grip on the facts il faut bien saisir les faits ; it's my firm belief that je crois fermement que ; the firm favourite le grand favori ;

4 ( definite) [offer, commitment, intention, assurance, refusal] ferme ; [date] définitif/-ive ; [evidence] concret/-ète ;

5 ( resolute) [person, voice, stand, leadership, purpose, response] ferme (with sb avec qn) ; he needs a firm hand il a besoin qu'on soit ferme avec lui ;

6 Fin [pound, dollar, yen, market] ferme.

C adv to stand firm tenir bon (against contre) ; to remain ou hold firm [currency] rester ferme (against par rapport à).

D vi Fin [share, price] ( stabilize) se stabiliser (at à) ; ( rise) se raffermir (to à).

Phrasal verb

■ firm up:

▶ firm up [arrangement, deal] se confirmer ; [muscle, flesh] se raffermir ;

▶ firm up [sth], firm [sth] up confirmer [arrangement, deal] ; raffermir [muscle, flesh].

Big English-French dictionary > firm
3 firm

I noun
Firma, die

firm of architects/decorators — Architektenbüro, das/Malerbetrieb, der
II 1. adjective
1) fest; stabil [Verhältnis, Konstruktion, Stuhl]; straff [Busen]; verbindlich [Angebot]

be on firm ground again — (lit. or fig.) wieder festen Boden unter den Füßen haben

they are firm friends — sie sind gut befreundet

the chair is not firm — der Stuhl ist wacklig od. wackelt

2) (resolute) entschlossen [Blick]; bestimmt, entschieden [Ton]

be a firm believer in something — fest an etwas (Akk.) glauben

3) (insisting on obedience etc.) bestimmt

be firm with somebody — jemandem gegenüber bestimmt auftreten
2. adverb
stand firm! — (fig.) sei standhaft!

hold firm to something — (fig.) an einer Sache festhalten
3. transitive verb
fest werden lassen; festigen, straffen [Muskulatur, Körper]

* * *
I [fə:m] adjective
1) ((fixed) strong and steady: a firm handshake.) fest

2) (decided; not changing one's mind: a firm refusal.) entschlossen

•

- academic.ru/87050/firmly">firmly
II [fə:m] noun
(a business company: an engineering firm.) die Firma

* * *

firm¹

[fɜ:m, AM fɜ:rm]

n Firma f, Unternehmen nt

\firm of lawyers [Rechts]anwaltsbüro nt, [Rechts]anwaltskanzlei f

small \firm kleine Firma

state-owned \firm staatliches Unternehmen

firm²

[fɜ:m, AM fɜ:rm]

I. adj

1. (steady) stabil, fest

keep a \firm hold of the railing halten Sie sich am Geländer fest

2. (secure) sicher, robust

the pole is \firm in its base der Pfosten ist gut befestigt; COMM currency, market, shares stabil

3. (strong) fest, stark

\firm grip fester Griff

to have a \firm grip on sth etw fest in der Hand haben

with a \firm hand mit starker Hand

\firm handshake kräftiger [o fester] Händedruck

4. (strict) entschieden, streng

▪ to be \firm with sb gegenüber jdm bestimmt auftreten

love and a \firm hand are keys to successful childrearing Liebe und Disziplin sind die Grundlagen jeder erfolgreichen Kindererziehung

5. (thorough) zuverlässig, sicher

\firm basis sichere Grundlage

\firm understanding feste Vereinbarung

6. (sure) fest, sicher

we're appealing to the government for a \firm commitment to help the refugees wir fordern die Regierung dazu auf, eine definitive Zusage zur Unterstützung der Flüchtlinge abzugeben

some still claim that there is no \firm evidence linking smoking with cancer manche Leute behaupten noch immer, es gebe keine eindeutige Verknüpfung zwischen Rauchen und Krebs

\firm offer verbindliches Angebot; ECON, FIN, STOCKEX

\firm order (irrevocable) Festauftrag m, feste Bestellung; (to broker) Kundenauftrag zum Kauf oder Verkauf von Wertpapieren zu einem bestimmten Termin

\firm sale Festkauf m

7. (hard) fest, hart

\firm ground fester Boden

8. (staunch) standhaft, beständig

\firm ally enger Verbündeter/enge Verbündete

\firm friend enger Freund/enge Freundin; (resolute) entschlossen

to be a \firm believer in sth fest an etw akk glauben

\firm in the belief that they could never be caught they didn't bother to hide the clues fest davon überzeugt, niemals gefasst zu werden, kümmerten sie sich nicht darum, die Hinweise zu beseitigen

II. adv fest

to hold \firm standhaft bleiben, nicht nachgeben

to stand \firm eine feste Haltung einnehmen; ( fig) unnachgiebig sein

to stand \firm in sth unerschütterlich bei etw dat bleiben

to stay \firm in sth bei etw dat standhaft bleiben

III. vi sich akk stabilisieren [o festigen]; FIN bonds fester tendieren, anziehen

Eurobonds have been \firming lately Euroanleihen tendieren seit einiger Zeit fester

* * *
I [fɜːm]
n
Firma f
firm of lawyers — Rechtsanwaltsbüro nt

the Firm (inf) — die Mafia
II
1. adj (+er)

1) (= solid) mattress, pillow, fruit, foundation etc fest; stomach, thighs straff

the cake should be firm to the touch — der Kuchen sollte sich fest anfühlen

firm ground or going (Horse Racing) — harter Boden

2) (= strong) hold, grip fest, sicher; handshake fest; (= steady) support, chair, ladder stabil

to get or take a firm hold on sth — etw festhalten

to keep a firm grip or hold on sth/oneself (fig) — etw fest/sich gut im Griff haben

to have firm control of sth —

Liverpool took firm control of the game — Liverpool beherrschte das Spiel

to have a firm grasp/understanding of sth — etw gut beherrschen/verstehen

to gain a firm foothold (fig) — festen Fuß fassen

to have a firm foothold (fig) —

you need a firm base or foundation in any career — für jede Karriere braucht man eine stabile Basis or eine feste Grundlage

they have no firm foundations on which to build — sie haben keine feste Grundlage, auf der sie bauen können

to put sth on a firm footing or foundation (economy, company etc) — etw auf eine sichere Basis stellen

3) (= definite) agreement, promise, commitment, belief, support fest; decision endgültig; evidence, information, conclusion sicher; news bestätigt; step entschlossen

to set a firm date for sth — einen festen Termin für etw vereinbaren

it is my firm belief or conviction that... — ich bin der festen Überzeugung, dass...

to be a firm believer in sth/that... — fest an etw (acc) glauben/daran glauben, dass...

he's a firm supporter or advocate of capital punishment — er ist ein entschiedener Befürworter der Todesstrafe

firm Conservative supporters — überzeugte Anhänger der konservativen Partei

4) (= strict) leader, father stark; leadership, policy, voice fest; manner, action entschlossen; measure durchgreifend

this demands firm leadership — das erfordert eine feste Führung

to be firm about sth — auf etw (dat) bestehen

to be firm with sb — jdm gegenüber bestimmt auftreten

she's firm with the children —

to take a firm hand with sb — streng mit jdm umgehen

children need a firm hand — Kinder brauchen eine feste Hand

to take a firm stand or line — klar Stellung beziehen

to take a firm stand or line against sth — energisch gegen etw vorgehen

5)

firm friends — enge Freunde

they are firm friends —

to become firm friends with sb — sich eng mit jdm befreunden

(with sb) —

this restaurant is one of my firm favourites (Brit) or favorites (US) — dies ist eines meiner Lieblingsrestaurants

or favorite (US) — hoher Favorit sein

for a job — der aussichtsreichste Kandidat für einen Posten

6) (FIN) price, currency stabil

the pound was fairly firm against the dollar — das Pfund blieb dem Dollar gegenüber relativ stabil

2. adv

to hold sth firm — etw festhalten

to hold firm ( Fin : prices, shares, currency ) — stabil bleiben

you should stand firm against such threats — Sie sollten sich durch solche Drohungen nicht beirren lassen

3. vt
soil festdrücken
* * *

firm¹ [fɜːm; US fɜrm]

A adj (adv firmly)

1. fest (auch Tomaten etc), hart, GASTR steif:

firm ground fester Boden;

firm grip fester Griff

2. besonders TECH (stand)fest, stabil, fest stehend, sicher befestigt

3. ruhig, sicher (Hand etc)

4. fig fest, beständig, standhaft:

firm friends enge Freunde;

be a firm believer in fest glauben an (akk)

5. entschlossen, bestimmt, fest (Haltung etc):

be firm with sb jemanden hart anfassen

6. fig stark, fest:

she needs a firm hand; → hand Bes Redew

7. fig fest, sicher (Beweise etc)

8. besonders WIRTSCH, JUR fest:

firm offer festes oder bindendes Angebot;

firm prices feste oder stabile Preise;

make a firm booking fest buchen

B v/t

1. auch firm up fest oder hart machen, GASTR steif schlagen

2. obs bestätigen

C v/i

1. auch firm up fest oder hart werden, sich festigen, GASTR steif werden

2. auch firm up WIRTSCH anziehen (Preise), sich erholen (Markt)

D adv fest:

sell firm;

stand firm fig festbleiben, eine feste Haltung einnehmen ( beide:

on bezüglich gen);

hold firm to one’s beliefs an seinen Überzeugungen festhalten

firm² [fɜːm; US fɜrm] s Firma f, Betrieb m, Unternehmen n:

firm of auctioneers Auktionshaus n;

firm name Firmenname m

* * *
I noun
Firma, die

firm of architects/decorators — Architektenbüro, das/Malerbetrieb, der
II 1. adjective
1) fest; stabil [Verhältnis, Konstruktion, Stuhl]; straff [Busen]; verbindlich [Angebot]

be on firm ground again — (lit. or fig.) wieder festen Boden unter den Füßen haben

they are firm friends — sie sind gut befreundet

the chair is not firm — der Stuhl ist wacklig od. wackelt

2) (resolute) entschlossen [Blick]; bestimmt, entschieden [Ton]

be a firm believer in something — fest an etwas (Akk.) glauben

3) (insisting on obedience etc.) bestimmt

be firm with somebody — jemandem gegenüber bestimmt auftreten
2. adverb
stand firm! — (fig.) sei standhaft!

hold firm to something — (fig.) an einer Sache festhalten
3. transitive verb
fest werden lassen; festigen, straffen [Muskulatur, Körper]

* * *

adj.

fest adj.

hart adj.

standhaft adj. n.

Betrieb -e m.

Firma Firmen f.

Unternehmen n.

English-german dictionary > firm
4 firm

I [fɜːm]
nome ditta f., società f., impresa f.

firm of architects — studio associato di architetti

law firm — studio legale
II 1. [fɜːm]
aggettivo

1) (hard) [ mattress] duro; [ fruit] sodo, duro; [ handshake] energico

to give sth. a firm tap — dare un colpo deciso a qcs

2) (steady) [table, ladder] fermo, stabile, saldo

3) (strong) [foundation, basis] solido, sicuro; [ grasp] sicuro; [ friend] fidato, fedele

it's my firm belief that — è mio fermo convincimento che

4) (definite) [offer, commitment] stabile; [intention, assurance, refusal] fermo; [ date] definitivo; [ evidence] concreto, sicuro

5) (resolute) [person, voice] fermo; [stand, leadership] saldo

he needs a firm hand — bisogna guidarlo con mano ferma

6) econ. [dollar, market] stabile
2.
avverbio

to stand firm — stare saldo; fig. non cedere ( against a)

to remain o hold firm — [ currency] rimanere stabile ( against in rapporto a)
III [fɜːm]
verbo intransitivo [share, price] consolidarsi

- firm up

* * *
I [fə:m] adjective
1) ((fixed) strong and steady: a firm handshake.)

2) (decided; not changing one's mind: a firm refusal.)

•

- firmly
II [fə:m] noun
(a business company: an engineering firm.)

* * *
I [fɜːm]
nome ditta f., società f., impresa f.

firm of architects — studio associato di architetti

law firm — studio legale
II 1. [fɜːm]
aggettivo

1) (hard) [ mattress] duro; [ fruit] sodo, duro; [ handshake] energico

to give sth. a firm tap — dare un colpo deciso a qcs

2) (steady) [table, ladder] fermo, stabile, saldo

3) (strong) [foundation, basis] solido, sicuro; [ grasp] sicuro; [ friend] fidato, fedele

it's my firm belief that — è mio fermo convincimento che

4) (definite) [offer, commitment] stabile; [intention, assurance, refusal] fermo; [ date] definitivo; [ evidence] concreto, sicuro

5) (resolute) [person, voice] fermo; [stand, leadership] saldo

he needs a firm hand — bisogna guidarlo con mano ferma

6) econ. [dollar, market] stabile
2.
avverbio

to stand firm — stare saldo; fig. non cedere ( against a)

to remain o hold firm — [ currency] rimanere stabile ( against in rapporto a)
III [fɜːm]
verbo intransitivo [share, price] consolidarsi

- firm up

English-Italian dictionary > firm
5 cabinet d'architectes

firm of architects

Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > cabinet d'architectes
6 cabinet

cabinet [kabinε]

1. masculine noun

   a. [de médecin, dentiste] surgery (Brit), office (US) ; [de notaire, d'avocat] office

   b. ( = gouvernement) cabinet ; ( = collaborateurs) staff

   c. ( = meuble) cabinet

2. plural masculine noun

cabinets ( = toilettes) toilet, bathroom (US)

3. compounds

► cabinet d'affaires consultancy firm

► cabinet d'architectes firm of architects

► cabinet-conseil, cabinet de consultants, cabinet d'études consultancy firm

► cabinet de toilette bathroom

* * *
kabinɛ
1.

nom masculin

1) ( local) gén office; (de médecin, dentiste) surgery GB, office US; ( de juge) chambers (pl)

2) ( affaires et clientèle) practice; ( cabinet collectif) firm; (de médecins, dentistes) practice

ouvrir un cabinet — to set up in practice

3) ( agence) agency

cabinet immobilier — estate agent's

4) Politique ( gouvernement) cabinet; (de ministre, préfet) staff

cabinet ministériel — minister's personal staff

5) ( de musée) exhibition room

2.

cabinets nom masculin pluriel toilet (sg), loo (colloq) (sg) GB, bathroom (sg) US

Phrasal Verbs:

- cabinet de consultation

- cabinet noir

- cabinet de toilette

* * *
kabinɛ
1. nm

1) [médecin] surgery Grande-Bretagne office USA

2) [notaire] (= bureau) office, (= clientèle) practice

3) POLITIQUE cabinet, [ministre] advisers pl

2. cabinets nmpl

vieilli (= w.-c.) lavatory sg

* * *

cabinet

A nm

1 ( local) gén office; (de médecin, dentiste) surgery GB, office US; (d'avocat, de notaire) office; (d'avocat au barreau, de juge) chambers (pl);

2 ( affaires et clientèle de professions libérales) practice; ( cabinet collectif) firm; (de médecins, dentistes) (group) practice; le cabinet du Dr Hallé Dr Hallé's practice; avoir/vendre un cabinet to have/to sell a practice; ouvrir un cabinet to set up in practice; cabinet d'architectes/d'audit firm of architects/auditors; cabinet d'avocats/d'experts-comptables law/accountancy firm; cabinet de médecins/dentistes medical/dental practice;

3 ( agence) agency; cabinet de recrutement recruitment agency; cabinet immobilier estate agent's; ( collectif) firm of estate agents; avoir un cabinet d'assurances to be an insurance broker; ouvrir un cabinet d'assurances to set up (in) business as an insurance broker;

4 Pol ( gouvernement) cabinet; (de ministre, préfet) staff, cabinet US; cabinet ministériel minister's personal staff;

5 ( de musée) exhibition room; cabinet des estampes/médailles print/coin room;

6 ( pièce) ( bureau) study; ( réduit) closet†;

7 †( meuble) cabinet.

B cabinets nmpl toilet (sg), loo○ (sg) GB, bathroom (sg) US.

Composés

cabinet d'aisances† water closet† GB, lavatory; cabinet de consultation surgery GB, office US; cabinet d'instruction Jur judge's chambers (pl); cabinet juridique law firm; cabinet de lecture† reading room; cabinet médical medical practice; cabinet noir cubbyhole; cabinet particulier private dining room; cabinet de toilette bathroom; cabinet de travail study.

ⓘ Cabinet The political and administrative office of a minister or Président de la République.

[kabinɛ] nom masculin

1. [de dentiste] surgery (UK), office (US)

[de magistrat] chambers

[d'avoué, de notaire] office

cabinet (médical ou de consultation) (doctor's) surgery (UK) ou office (US)

2. [réduit]

cabinet de débarras boxroom (UK), storage room (US)

cabinet noir walk-in cupboard

3. [petite salle]

cabinet de lecture reading room

cabinet particulier [de restaurant] private dining room

cabinet de toilette bathroom

cabinet de travail study

4. [clientèle - de médecin, de dentiste] practice

monter un cabinet to set up a practice

5. [agence]

cabinet d'affaires business consultancy

cabinet d'architectes firm of architects

cabinet d'assurances insurance firm ou agency

cabinet conseil consulting firm, consultancy firm

cabinet immobilier estate agent's (UK) ou realtor's (US) office

6. POLITIQUE [gouvernement] cabinet

faire partie du cabinet to be in ou a member of the Cabinet

cabinet du Premier ministre Prime Minister's departmental staff

cabinet fantôme shadow cabinet

cabinet ministériel minister's advisers, departmental staff

7. [d'un musée] (exhibition) room

8. [meuble] cabinet

9. [d'horloge] (clock) case

————————

cabinets nom masculin pluriel

(familier) toilet, loo (UK), bathroom (US)

CABINET

In a French context this term refers to the team of civil servants who carry out advisory and administrative duties for a minister or a préfet. The Prime Minister's cabinet is made up not of ministers but of senior civil servants, including the directeur de cabinet, who has a political role as the Prime Minister's principal private secretary (and can deputize for him or her), and the chef de cabinet, whose function is largely administrative.

Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > cabinet
7 associato

associato s.m.

1 associate, member

2 (comm.) partner, member (of a company)

3 ( abbonato) subscriber

◆ agg. associate (d): professore associato, assistant (o associate lecturer); (amer.) associate professor.

* * *
[asso'tʃato] associato (-a)
1. agg

1)

professore associato — senior lecturer Brit, associate professor Am

2) (di associazione) associate

2. sm/f

(socio) member

* * *
[asso'tʃato] 1.
participio passato associare
2.
aggettivo associated

professore associato — univ. associate (professor)

studio associato di architetti — firm of architects
3.
sostantivo maschile (membro, socio) associate

* * *

associato

/asso't∫ato/

I participio passato

→ associare

II aggettivo

associated; professore associato univ. associate (professor); studio associato di architetti firm of architects

III sostantivo m.

(membro, socio) associate.

Dizionario Italiano-Inglese > associato
8 gabinete

m.

1 office (despacho).

2 study (room).

3 cabinet (gobierno).

gabinete en la sombra shadow cabinet

4 library, study, study room, cabinet.

* * *

gabinete

► nombre masculino

1 (habitación) study

2 PLÍTICA cabinet

3 (despacho) office

4 (en museo) section, room

5 (departamento) department

■ el Gabinete de Industria aprobó algunas medidas the Industry Department passed some measures

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

gabinete de consulta MEDICINA surgery

gabinete de crisis emergency cabinet

gabinete de lectura reading room

gabinete en la sombra shadow cabinet

* * *

noun m.

1) cabinet

2) office

* * *

SM

1) [profesional] office

gabinete de consulta — consulting-room, doctor's office (EEUU)

gabinete de diseño — design consultancy

gabinete de estrategia — (Pol) think-tank

gabinete de imagen — public relations office

gabinete de prensa — press office

gabinete fiscal — tax advisory office

gabinete jurídico — [en empresa] legal department; (=bufete) law firm

2) [en casa] (=despacho) study, library; (=salita) private sitting room; (=tocador) boudoir; (Arte) studio

estratega de gabinete — armchair strategist

gabinete de lectura — reading room

3) (Pol) cabinet

gabinete en la sombra, gabinete fantasma — shadow cabinet

4) (=laboratorio) laboratory

5) (=museo) museum

6) (=muebles) suite of office furniture

7) And (=balcón) enclosed balcony

8)

gabinete de teléfono — Méx telephone booth

* * *

masculino

1) (de médico, dentista) office (AmE), surgery (BrE); ( despacho) office; ( en una casa) study; ( laboratorio) laboratory

2) ( conjunto de profesionales) department; (Pol) cabinet

- gabinete de imagen/prensa

- gabinete fantasma or en la sombra

3) (Méx) ( armario) kitchen cabinet o cupboard

•

- gabinete del baño

* * *

----

* gabinete estratégico = think tank.

* gabinete ministerial = Cabinet, the.

* remodelación del gabinete = cabinet reshuffle.

* * *

masculino

1) (de médico, dentista) office (AmE), surgery (BrE); ( despacho) office; ( en una casa) study; ( laboratorio) laboratory

2) ( conjunto de profesionales) department; (Pol) cabinet

- gabinete de imagen/prensa

- gabinete fantasma or en la sombra

3) (Méx) ( armario) kitchen cabinet o cupboard

•

- gabinete del baño

* * *

* gabinete estratégico = think tank.

* gabinete ministerial = Cabinet, the.

* remodelación del gabinete = cabinet reshuffle.

* * *

gabinete

masculine

A

1 (de un médico, dentista) office ( AmE), surgery ( BrE)

2 (despacho) office; (dentro de una casa) study

3 (laboratorio) laboratory

B

1 (conjunto de profesionales) department

2 ( Pol) cabinet

Compuestos:

● gabinete de imagen

public relations office

● gabinete de prensa

press office

● gabinete fantasma or en la sombra

shadow cabinet

● gabinete fiscal

tax consultancy

C ( Méx) (armario) kitchen cabinet o cupboard

Compuesto:

gabinete del baño

( Col) bathroom cabinet

* * *

gabinete sustantivo masculino
1 ( despacho) office;
( en una casa) study
2 ( conjunto de profesionales) department;
(Pol) cabinet
3 (armario —de la cocina) (Méx) kitchen cabinet o cupboard;
(— del baño) (Col, Ven) bathroom cabinet
gabinete sustantivo masculino
1 (oficina) study
gabinete de prensa, press office
gabinete psicológico, psychologist's consulting room
2 Pol cabinet
' gabinete' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
orientación
- remodelación
- remodelar
English:
cabinet
- Secretary of State
- shadow cabinet
- front
- reshuffle
- think

* * *

gabinete nm

1. [gobierno] cabinet;

el gabinete ministerial the cabinet;

un gabinete de crisis a crisis cabinet

2. [despacho] office;

gabinete de abogados law practice o firm;

gabinete de arquitectos firm of architects

Comp
gabinete de estudios research department;
gabinete jurídico legal department;

gabinete de prensa press office;

gabinete psicopedagógico educational psychology service

3. [sala] study

4. Méx, RP [cubículo] cubicle, stall

5. Méx [en restaurante] private room

6. Méx [mueble] cabinet, cupboard

7. Col [balcón] enclosed balcony

* * *

gabinete

m

1 ( despacho) office; en una casa study

2 POL cabinet

3 L.Am.

de médico office, Br

surgery

* * *

gabinete nm

1) : cabinet (in government)

2) : study, office (in the home)

3) : (professional) office

* * *

gabinete n

1. (en política) cabinet

2. (despacho) office

3. (consulta de médico) surgery [pl. surgeries]

Spanish-English dictionary > gabinete
9 Architektenbüro

Ar|chi|tẹk|ten|bü|ro
nt
architect's office
* * *

Ar·chi·tek·ten·bü·ro

nt

1. (Konstruktionsraum) architect's office

2. (Firma) firm of architects

Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > Architektenbüro
10 studio associato di architetti

studio associato di architetti

firm of architects

\

→ associato

Dizionario Italiano-Inglese > studio associato di architetti
11 Architektenbüro

Ar·chi·tek·ten·bü·ro nt

1) ( Konstruktionsraum) architect's office

2) ( Firma) firm of architects

Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch für Studenten > Architektenbüro
12 arquitecto

m.

1 architect.

2 architect, originator, creator.

* * *

arquitecto

► nombre masculino,nombre femenino

1 architect

* * *

(f. - arquitecta)

noun

architect

* * *

arquitecto, -a
SM / F architect
arquitecto/a de jardines, arquitecto/a paisajista — landscape gardener

arquitecto/a técnico/a — quantity surveyor

* * *

- ta masculino, femenino architect

- arquitecto técnico -ta técnica

* * *

= architect, architectural designer.

Ex. Until recently all libraries and some architects have maintained that an academic library should be capable of extension and that land should be reserved for future expansion.

Ex. This avenue of investigation leads into spatial approaches used frequently by psychologists, sociologists, and architectural designers = Esta línea de investigación nos lleva a métodos para estudiar el espacio físico usados frecuentmente por los sicólogos, sociólogos y arquitectos.

----

* arquitecto de paisajes = landscape architect.

* estudio de arquitectos = architecture firm, architectural firm.

* * *

- ta masculino, femenino architect

- arquitecto técnico -ta técnica

* * *

= architect, architectural designer.

Ex: Until recently all libraries and some architects have maintained that an academic library should be capable of extension and that land should be reserved for future expansion.

Ex: This avenue of investigation leads into spatial approaches used frequently by psychologists, sociologists, and architectural designers = Esta línea de investigación nos lleva a métodos para estudiar el espacio físico usados frecuentmente por los sicólogos, sociólogos y arquitectos.

* arquitecto de paisajes = landscape architect.

* estudio de arquitectos = architecture firm, architectural firm.

* * *

arquitecto -ta

masculine, feminine

architect

uno de los arquitectos del plan de paz one of the architects of the peace plan

Compuesto:

arquitecto técnico, arquitecta técnica

architect ( who has completed a 3 year course)

* * *

arquitecto
◊ -ta sustantivo masculino, femenino

architect
arquitecto,-a sustantivo masculino y femenino architect

' arquitecto' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
algo
- arquitecta
- justipreciación
- asesor
- estudio
English:
architect

* * *

arquitecto, -a nm,f

architect;

fue el arquitecto de la revolución he was the architect of the revolution

Comp
arquitecto técnico = on-site architect, responsible for the implementation of the designing architect's plans
* * *

arquitecto

m, arquitecta f architect

* * *

arquitecto, -ta n

: architect

* * *

arquitecto n architect

Spanish-English dictionary > arquitecto
13 Arup, Sir Ove

SUBJECT AREA: Architecture and building

[br]

b. 16 April 1895 Newcastle upon Tyne, England

d. 5 February 1988 Highgate, London, England

[br]

English consultant engineer.

[br]

Of Scandinavian parentage, Arup attended school in Germany and Denmark before taking his degree in mathematics and philosophy at Copenhagen University in 1914. He then graduated as a civil engineer from the Royal Technical College in the same city, specializing in the theory of structures.

Arup retained close ties with Europe for some time, working in Hamburg as a designer for the Danish civil engineering firm of Christiani \& Nielsen. Then, in the 1930s, he began what was to be a long career in England as an engineering consultant to a number of architects who were beginning to build with modern materials (par-ticularly concrete) and methods of construction. He became consultant to the famous firm of Tecton (under the direction of Berthold Lubetkin) and was closely associated with the leading projects of that firm at the time, notably the High-point flats at Highgate, the Finsbury Health Centre and the award-winning Penguin Pool at the Regent's Park Zoological Gardens, all in London.

In 1945 Arup founded his own firm, Ove Arup \& Partners, working entirely as a consultant to architects, particularly on structural schemes, and in 1963 he set up a partnership of architects and engineers, Arup Associates. The many and varied projects with which he was concerned included Coventry Cathedral and the University of Sussex with Sir Basil Spence, the Sydney Opera House with Joern Utzon and St Catherine's College, Oxford, with Arne Jacobsen.

[br]

Principal Honours and Distinctions

CBE 1953. Commander of the Order of Danneborg, awarded by King Frederik of Denmark, 1975. Honorary Doctorate Tekniske Hojskole, Lyngby, Denmark 1954. Honorary DSc Durham University 1967, University of East Anglia 1968, Heriot-Watt University 1976. RIBA Gold Medal 1966. Institution of Structural Engineers Gold Medal 1973. Fellow of the American Concrete Institution 1975.

Further Reading

J.M.Richards, 1953, An Introduction to Modern Architecture, London: Penguin. H.Russell-Hitchcock, 1982, Architecture, Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries, London: Pelican.

C.Jencks, 1980, Late-Modern Architecture, London: Academy Editions.

DY

Biographical history of technology > Arup, Sir Ove
14 Coade, Eleanor

SUBJECT AREA: Architecture and building

[br]

b. 24 June 1733 Exeter, Devon, England

d. 18 November 1821 Camberwell, London, England

[br]

English proprietor of the Coade Factory, making artificial stone.

[br]

Born Elinor Coade, she never married but adopted, as was customary in business in the eighteenth century, the courtesy title of Mrs. Following the bankruptcy and death of her father, George Coade, in Exeter, Eleanor and her mother (also called Eleanor) moved to London and founded the works at Lambeth, South London, in 1769 that later became famous as the Coade factory. The factory was located at King's Arms Stairs, Narrow Wall. During the eighteenth century, several attempts had been made in other businesses to manufacture a durable, malleable artificial stone that would be acceptable to architects for decorative use. These substances were not very successful, but Coade stone was different. Although stories are legion about the secret formula supposedly used in this artificial stone, modern methods have established the exact formula.

Coade stone was a stoneware ceramic material fired in a kiln. The body was remarkable in that it shrank only 8 per cent in drying and firing: this was achieved by using a combination of china clay, sand, crushed glass and grog (i.e. crushed and ground, previously fired stoneware). The Coade formula thus included a considerable proportion of material that, having been fired once already, was unshrinkable. Mrs Coade's name for the firm, Coade's Lithodipyra Terra-Cotta or Artificial Stone Manufactory (where "Lithodipyra" is a term derived from three Greek words meaning "stone", "twice" and "fire"), made reference to the custom of including such material (such as in Josiah Wedgwood's basalt and jasper ware). The especially low rate of shrinkage rendered the material ideal for making extra-life-size statuary, and large architectural, decorative features to be incorporated into stone buildings.

Coade stone was widely used for such purposes by leading architects in Britain and Ireland from the 1770s until the 1830s, including Robert Adam, Sir Charles Barry, Sir William Chambers, Sir John Soane, John Nash and James Wyatt. Some architects introduced the material abroad, as far as, for example, Charles Bulfinch's United States Bank in Boston, Massachusetts, and Charles Cameron's redecoration for the Empress Catherine of the great palace Tsarkoe Selo (now Pushkin), near St Petersburg. The material so resembles stone that it is often mistaken for it, but it is so hard and resistant to weather that it retains sharpness of detail much longer than the natural substance. The many famous British buildings where Coade stone was used include the Royal Hospital, Chelsea, Carlton House and the Sir John Soane Museum (all of which are located in London), St George's Chapel at Windsor, Alnwick Castle in Northumberland, and Culzean Castle in Ayrshire, Scotland.

Apart from the qualities of the material, the Coade firm established a high reputation for the equally fine quality of its classical statuary. Mrs Coade employed excellent craftsmen such as the sculptor John Bacon (1740–99), whose work was mass-produced by the use of moulds. One famous example which was widely reproduced was the female caryatid from the south porch of the Erechtheion on the acropolis of Athens. A drawing of this had appeared in the second edition of Stuart and Revett's Antiquities of Athens in 1789, and many copies were made from the original Coade model; Soane used them more than once, for example on the Bank of England and his own houses in London.

Eleanor Coade was a remarkable woman, and was important and influential on the neo-classical scene. She had close and amicable relations with leading architects of the day, notably Robert Adam and James Wyatt. The Coade factory was enlarged and altered over the years, but the site was finally cleared during 1949–50 in preparation for the establishment of the 1951 Festival of Britain.

[br]

Further Reading

A.Kelly, 1990, Mrs Coade's Stone, pub. in conjunction with the Georgian Group (an interesting, carefully written history; includes a detailed appendix on architects who used Coade stone and buildings where surviving work may be seen).

DY

Biographical history of technology > Coade, Eleanor
15 Barnaby, Kenneth C.

SUBJECT AREA: Ports and shipping

[br]

b. c.1887 England

d. 22 March 1968 England

[br]

English naval architect and technical author.

[br]

Kenneth Barnaby was an eminent naval architect, as were his father and grandfather before him: his grandfather was Sir Nathaniel Barnaby KGB, Director of Naval Construction, and his father was Sydney W.Barnaby, naval architect of John I. Thornycroft \& Co., Shipbuilders, Southampton. At one time all three were members of the Institution of Naval Architects, the first time that this had ever occurred with three members from one family.

Kenneth Barnaby served his apprenticeship at the Thornycroft shipyard in Southampton and later graduated in engineering from the Central Technical College, South Kensington, London. He worked for some years at Le Havre and at John Brown's shipyard at Clydebank before rejoining his old firm in 1916 as Assistant to the Shipyard Manager. In 1919 he went to Rio de Janeiro as a chief ship draughtsman, and finally he returned to Thornycroft, in 1924 he succeeded his father as Naval Architect, and remained in that post until his retirement in 1955, having been appointed a director in 1950.

Barnaby had a wide knowledge and understanding of ships and ship design and during the Second World War he was responsible for much of the development work for landing craft, as well as for many other specialist ships built at the Southampton yard. His experience as a deep-sea yachtsman assisted him. He wrote several important books; however, none can compare with the Centenary Volume of the Royal Institution of Naval Architects. In this work, which is used and read widely to this day by naval architects worldwide, he reviewed every paper presented and almost every verbal contribution made to the Transactions during its one hundred years.

[br]

Principal Honours and Distinctions

OBE 1945. Associate of the City and Guilds Institute. Royal Institution of Naval Architects Froude Gold Medal 1962. Honorary Vice-President, Royal Institution of Naval Architects 1960–8.

Bibliography

c.1900, Marine Propellers, London. 1949, Basic Naval Architecture, London.

1960, The Institution of Naval Architects 1860–1960, London.

1964, 100 Years of Specialised Shipbuilding and Engineering, London. 1968, Some Ship Disasters and their Causes, London.

FMW

Biographical history of technology > Barnaby, Kenneth C.
16 Lubetkin, Berthold

SUBJECT AREA: Architecture and building

[br]

b. 12 December 1901 Tiflis, Georgia

d. 23 October 1990 Bristol, England

[br]

Soviet émigré architect who, through the firm of Tecton, wins influential in introducing architecture of the modern international style into England.

[br]

Lubetkin studied in Moscow, where in the years immediately after 1917 he met Vesnin and Rodchenko and absorbed the contemporary Constructivist ideas. He then moved on to Paris and worked with Auguste Perret, coming in on the ground floor of the modern movement. He went to England in 1930 and two years later formed the Tecton group, leading six young architects who had newly graduated from the Architectural Association in London. Lubetkin's early commissions in England were for animals rather than humans. He designed the gorilla house (1932) at the Regent's Park Zoological Gardens, after which came his award-winning Penguin Pool there, a sculptural blend of curved planes in reinforced concrete. He also worked at Whipsnade and at Dudley Zoo. The name of Tecton had quickly became synonymous with modern methods of design and structure, particularly the use of reinforced concrete; such work was not common in the 1930s in Britain. In 1938–9 the firm was responsible for another pace-setting design, the Finsbury Health Centre in London. Tecton was disbanded during the Second World War, and although it was reformed in the late 1940s it did not recover its initiative in leading the field of modern work. Lubetkin lived on to be an old man but his post-war career did not fulfil his earlier promise and brilliance. He was appointed Architect-Planner of the Peterlee New Town in 1948, but he resigned after a few years and no other notable commissions materialized. In 1982 the Royal Institute of British Architects belatedly remembered him with the award of their Gold Medal.

[br]

Principal Honours and Distinctions

RIBA Gold Medal 1982.

Further Reading

John Allan, 1992, Architecture and the Tradition of Progress, RIBA publications. R.Furneaux Jordan, 1955, "Lubetkin", Architectural Review 36–44.

P.Coe and M.Reading, 1981, Lubetkin and Tecton, University of Bristol Arts Council.

DY

Biographical history of technology > Lubetkin, Berthold
17 terreno

adj.

earthly, worldly.

m.

1 lot, terrain, land, patch.

2 soil, ground.

3 terrain, ground.

* * *

terreno

► adjetivo

1 worldly, earthly

► nombre masculino terreno

1 (tierra) land, piece of land, ground; (solar) plot, site

2 GEOGRAFÍA terrain

3 AGRICULTURA (de cultivo) soil; (campo) field

4 DEPORTE field, ground

5 figurado (esfera de acción) field, sphere

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

ceder terreno figurado to give way

conocer el terreno figurado to be familiar with something

estar en su propio terreno figurado to be on home ground

ganar terreno / perder terreno to gain ground / lose ground

hacer algo sobre el terreno to do something on the spot 2 figurado to improvise something

saber uno el terreno que pisa figurado to know what one's doing

preparar el terreno figurado to pave the way, prepare the ground

ser terreno abonado (para algo) figurado to be receptive (to something)

terreno conocido figurado familiar ground

————————

terreno

► nombre masculino

1 (tierra) land, piece of land, ground; (solar) plot, site

2 GEOGRAFÍA terrain

3 AGRICULTURA (de cultivo) soil; (campo) field

4 DEPORTE field, ground

5 figurado (esfera de acción) field, sphere

* * *

noun m.

1) terrain

2) ground, land

3) plot

* * *

1. ADJ

1) (Rel) [bienes] earthly

esta vida terrena — this earthly life liter

2) (Bio, Geol) terrestrial

2. SM

1) (=extensión de tierra) [gen] land; (=parcela) piece of land, plot of land

30 hectáreas de terreno — 30 hectares of land

es terreno municipal — it is council land

los terrenos pertenecientes al museo — the land belonging to the museum

vender unos terrenos — to sell some land

nos hemos comprado un terreno en las afueras — we've bought a piece of land o plot of land o some land on the outskirts of the city

el terreno que antes ocupaba la fábrica — the site the factory used to be on

2) [explicando sus características] (=relieve) ground, terrain; (=composición) soil, land

los accidentes del terreno — the unevenness of the ground o terrain

un terreno pedregoso — stony ground o terrain

estamos sobre un terreno arenoso — we're on sandy soil o land

vehículos todo terreno — all-terrain vehicles

3) (=campo)

a) [de estudio] field

en el terreno de la química — in the field of chemistry

ese no es mi terreno — that's not my field

b) [de actividad] sphere, field

el gobierno debe tomar medidas urgentes en el terreno económico — the government must take urgent measures in the economic sphere o field

la competencia de las empresas extranjeras en todos los terrenos — competition from foreign companies in all areas

en cuanto a las pensiones, se ha avanzado poco en este terreno — as for pensions, little progress has been made in this area

este caso entra en el terreno militar — this case is a military matter

4)

- ceder terreno

- pisar terreno firme

- ganar terreno

- perder terreno

- saber o conocer el terreno que se pisa

- preparar el terreno

- vencer a algn en su propio terreno

- recuperar terreno

- sobre el terreno

analizarán la situación sobre el terreno — they will analyse the situation on the ground

resolveremos el problema sobre el terreno — we will solve the problem as we go along

terreno abonado —

es terreno abonado para el vicio — it is a breeding ground for vice

dichas tendencias han encontrado el terreno abonado entre la juventud — these trends have found a fertile breeding ground amongst the young

este país es terreno abonado para las inversiones extranjeras — this country provides rich pickings for foreign investment

- llamar a algn a terreno

terreno de pruebas — testing-ground

5) (Dep)

empataron en su terreno — they drew at home

perdieron en su propio terreno — they lost on their home ground

el equipo tuvo una nueva derrota fuera de su terreno — the team suffered a fresh defeat away (from home)

terreno de juego — pitch, field

* * *
I
- na adjetivo

a) (Relig) earthly

b) ( no marino o aéreo) terrestrial (frml), land (before n)
II
masculino

1) (lote, parcela) plot of land, lot (AmE)

heredó unos terrenos en Sonora — she inherited some land in Sonora

un terreno plantado de viñas — a field planted with vines

el terreno cuesta tanto como la casa — the land costs as much as the house

el terreno llega hasta el río — the land o plot o lot extends as far as the river

- terreno de juego

2) ( extensión de tierra) land

una casa con mucho terreno — a house with a lot of land

3)

a) (Geog) ( refiriéndose al relieve) terrain; ( refiriéndose a la composición) land, soil

allanarle el terreno a alguien — to smooth the way o path for somebody

ceder/ganar/perder terreno — to give/gain/lose ground

estar en su (propio) terreno — to be on one's own ground

minarle or socavarle el terreno a alguien — to cut the ground from under somebody's feet

pisar terreno firme/peligroso — to tread on safe/dangerous ground

prepararle el terreno a alguien/algo — to pave the way for somebody/something

recuperar terreno — to recover lost ground

sobre el terreno: estudiar sobre el terreno una situación to make an on-the-spot assessment of a situation; haremos planes sobre el terreno we'll plan things as we go along; tantear el terreno — to see how the land lies

b) (Geol) terrane, terrain

- terreno abonado or propicio

- terreno conocido

4) (esfera, campo de acción) sphere, field

en el terreno laboral — at work

en el terreno de las artes — in the arts

* * *

(n.) = arena, land, turf, terrain, land area, ground, plot of land, piece of land

Ex. This shifts the responsibility for headings and their arrangement into the arena of cataloguers and indexers.

Ex. Until recently all libraries and some architects have maintained that an academic library should be capable of extension and that land should be reserved for future expansion.

Ex. Librarians are losing the war for electronic professional turf.

Ex. These surveyors reported on terrain character and presence of wood, water and forage, and studied Indian tribal customs and languages.

Ex. Over 17% of Botswana's land area has been set-aside as national parks and game reserves.

Ex. A profile is a scale representation of the intersection of a vertical surface with the surface of the ground.

Ex. The core of readers and borrowers of agricultural literature are pensioners wanting to improving cultivation of their small private plots of land.

Ex. So it is important that every piece of land is divided by a boundary to show the demarcation.

* * *
I
- na adjetivo

a) (Relig) earthly

b) ( no marino o aéreo) terrestrial (frml), land (before n)
II
masculino

1) (lote, parcela) plot of land, lot (AmE)

heredó unos terrenos en Sonora — she inherited some land in Sonora

un terreno plantado de viñas — a field planted with vines

el terreno cuesta tanto como la casa — the land costs as much as the house

el terreno llega hasta el río — the land o plot o lot extends as far as the river

- terreno de juego

2) ( extensión de tierra) land

una casa con mucho terreno — a house with a lot of land

3)

a) (Geog) ( refiriéndose al relieve) terrain; ( refiriéndose a la composición) land, soil

allanarle el terreno a alguien — to smooth the way o path for somebody

ceder/ganar/perder terreno — to give/gain/lose ground

estar en su (propio) terreno — to be on one's own ground

minarle or socavarle el terreno a alguien — to cut the ground from under somebody's feet

pisar terreno firme/peligroso — to tread on safe/dangerous ground

prepararle el terreno a alguien/algo — to pave the way for somebody/something

recuperar terreno — to recover lost ground

sobre el terreno: estudiar sobre el terreno una situación to make an on-the-spot assessment of a situation; haremos planes sobre el terreno we'll plan things as we go along; tantear el terreno — to see how the land lies

b) (Geol) terrane, terrain

- terreno abonado or propicio

- terreno conocido

4) (esfera, campo de acción) sphere, field

en el terreno laboral — at work

en el terreno de las artes — in the arts

* * *

terreno¹

¹ = arena, land, turf, terrain, land area, ground, plot of land, piece of land.

Ex: This shifts the responsibility for headings and their arrangement into the arena of cataloguers and indexers.

Ex: Until recently all libraries and some architects have maintained that an academic library should be capable of extension and that land should be reserved for future expansion.

Ex: Librarians are losing the war for electronic professional turf.

Ex: These surveyors reported on terrain character and presence of wood, water and forage, and studied Indian tribal customs and languages.

Ex: A profile is a scale representation of the intersection of a vertical surface with the surface of the ground.

Ex: The core of readers and borrowers of agricultural literature are pensioners wanting to improving cultivation of their small private plots of land.

Ex: So it is important that every piece of land is divided by a boundary to show the demarcation.

* andar por terreno peligroso = skate + on thin ice, tread on + dangerous ground.

* andar por terreno resbaladizo = skate + on thin ice, tread on + dangerous ground.

* caer en terreno baldío = fall on + barren ground, fall on + fallow ground.

* caer en terreno pedregoso = fall on + stony ground.

* ceder terreno = yield + ground, lose + ground.

* con terrenos cedidos por el gobierno = land grant [land-grant].

* en terreno conocido = on familiar grounds.

* en terreno peligroso = on shaky grounds.

* estar moviéndose en terreno seguro = be on secure ground.

* ganar terreno = gain + ground, make + headway.

* gestión de terrenos = land management.

* invadir el terreno (de Alguien) = encroach on/upon + Posesivo + domain.

* limpiar el terreno de árboles = clear + land.

* motocicleta todo terreno = dirt bike.

* moverse en terreno desconocido = be out of + Posesivo + depth, be in over + Posesivo + head.

* no ceder terreno = stand + Posesivo + ground.

* parcela de terreno = plot of land, piece of land.

* perder terreno = lose + ground.

* pisar terreno desconocido = be out of + Posesivo + depth, be in over + Posesivo + head.

* preparación del terreno eliminando todo tipo de obstáculos = land-clearing.

* preparar el terreno = pave + the way (for/towards/to), set + the scene, clear + the path, smooth + the way, set + the stage, pave + the path (for/towards/to), lay + the groundwork for, pave + the road (for/towards/to), clear + the way.

* preparar el terreno para = lead up to, smooth + the path of, clear + the ground for, fertilise + the ground for.

* prueba sobre el terreno = field test, field trial.

* sobre el terreno = on the ground.

* tantear el terreno = put + feeler out, test + the water.

* terreno conocido = familiar grounds.

* terreno cultivable pequeño = croft.

* terreno de deportes = sport arena.

* terreno de juego = playing field, pitch.

* terreno de pruebas = testing ground.

* terreno desconocido = uncharted territory, uncharted waters, unchartered territory, unchartered waters.

* terreno elevado = high ground.

* terreno en construcción = building site.

* terreno firme = firm ground, safe ground, solid ground.

* terreno inhóspito = inhospitable terrain.

* terreno maderero = timberland.

* terreno nada fértil = stony ground.

* terreno neutral = neutral ground.

* terreno para construir = building site.

* terreno pedegroso = stony ground.

* terreno peligroso = on thin ice, slippery ground, on dangerous ground.

* terreno poco definido = grey area [gray area].

* terreno resbaladizo = on thin ice, slippery ground, on dangerous ground.

* terrenos = site, landed estate, grounds.

* terrenos de la finca = estate grounds.

* terreno seguro = safe ground, solid ground.

* terreno sin construir = vacant lot.

* terrenos sin construir = vacant land.

* vehículo todoterreno = all-terrain vehicle.

* vencer a Alguien en su propio terreno = beat + Nombre + at + Posesivo + own game.

terreno²

² = earthly [earthlier -comp., earthliest -sup.], worldly [worldlier -comp., worldliest -sup.].

Ex: After that I could never pass a dead man without stopping to gaze on his face, stripped by death of that earthly patina which masks the living soul.

Ex: There exist sets of duality in this philosophy; body versus soul, worldly versus unworldly and life versus salvation.

(n.) = arena, land, turf, terrain, land area, ground, plot of land, piece of land

Ex: This shifts the responsibility for headings and their arrangement into the arena of cataloguers and indexers.

Ex: Until recently all libraries and some architects have maintained that an academic library should be capable of extension and that land should be reserved for future expansion.

Ex: Librarians are losing the war for electronic professional turf.

Ex: These surveyors reported on terrain character and presence of wood, water and forage, and studied Indian tribal customs and languages.

Ex: Over 17% of Botswana's land area has been set-aside as national parks and game reserves.

Ex: A profile is a scale representation of the intersection of a vertical surface with the surface of the ground.

Ex: The core of readers and borrowers of agricultural literature are pensioners wanting to improving cultivation of their small private plots of land.

Ex: So it is important that every piece of land is divided by a boundary to show the demarcation.

* * *

terreno¹ -na

adjective

1 ( Relig) earthly

nuestra vida terrena our earthly life, our life on earth

2 (no marino o aéreo) terrestrial ( frml), land ( before n)

terreno²

masculine

A (lote, parcela) plot of land, lot ( AmE)

heredó unos terrenos en Sonora she inherited some land in Sonora

un terreno plantado de viñas a field o an area of land planted with vines

el terreno cuesta tanto como la casa the land costs as much as the house

quieren construir en esos terrenos they want to build on that land o site

el terreno llega hasta el río the land o plot o lot extends as far as the river

Compuesto:

terreno de juego

field, pitch ( BrE)

Escocia perdió frente a Gales en su propio terreno (de juego) Scotland lost at home to Wales, Scotland lost to Wales despite having home-field advantage ( AmE), Scotland lost to Wales on their home ground ( BrE)

B (extensión de tierra) land

compraron una casa con mucho terreno they bought a house with a lot of land

C

1 ( Geog) (refiriéndose al relieve) terrain; (refiriéndose a la composición) land, soil

un terreno montañoso mountainous terrain

los accidentes del terreno the features of the landscape o terrain

un terreno pantanoso marshy land, a marshy terrain

un terreno bueno para el cultivo del trigo good land o soil for growing wheat

allanarle el terreno a algn to smooth the way o path for sb

ceder/ganar/perder terreno to give/gain/lose ground

estar en su (propio) terreno to be on one's own ground

llamar a algn a terreno ( Chi fam); to pull sb up ( colloq)

minarle or socavarle el terreno a algn to cut the ground from under sb's feet

pisar terreno firme/peligroso to tread on safe/dangerous ground

prepararle el terreno a algn/algo to pave the way for sb/sth

recuperar terreno to recover lost ground

sobre el terreno: para estudiar sobre el terreno la situación to make an on-the-spot o an in situ assessment of the situation

iremos haciendo planes sobre el terreno we'll plan things as we go along

tantear el terreno to see how the land lies

2 ( Geol) terrane, terrain

Compuestos:

● terreno abonado or propicio

es terreno abonado or propicio para la delincuencia it is a breeding ground for crime

es un terreno abonado or propicio para la especulación it gives rise to a great deal of speculation

● terreno conocido

familiar ground

para él ya es terreno conocido he's on familiar ground, it's familiar ground to him

D (esfera, campo de acción) sphere, field

en el terreno laboral at work

ejerció una gran influencia en el terreno de las artes he was a major influence in the arts

* * *

terreno 1
◊ -na adjetivo (Relig) earthly

terreno 2 sustantivo masculino
1
a) (lote, parcela) plot of land, lot (AmE);

◊ heredó unos terrenos en Sonora she inherited some land in Sonora;

un terreno plantado de viñas a field planted with vines;
terreno de juego field, pitch
b) ( extensión de tierra) land;

◊ una casa con mucho terreno a house with a lot of land

2 (Geog) ( refiriéndose al relieve) terrain;
( refiriéndose a la composición) land, soil;
◊ un terreno fértil fertile land

3 (esfera, campo de acción) sphere, field;
◊ en el terreno político within the field of politics

terreno,-a
I adjetivo ➣ terrenal
II sustantivo masculino
1 Geol terrain
2 (extensión de tierra) (piece of) land, ground: quiere cultivar su terreno, he wants to cultivate his land
tiene un terreno en Valencia, he has land in Valencia
un terreno arenoso, a sandy soil
3 fig (campo de acción, investigación) field, sphere
4 Dep terreno (de juego), field, ground
♦ Locuciones: le gusta saber qué terreno pisa, he likes to know where he stands
ganar/perder terreno, to gain/lose ground
preparar el terreno, to prepare the ground
sobre el terreno, as one goes along
' terreno' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
acotar
- adyacente
- allanar
- alta
- alto
- badén
- depresión
- elevación
- escabrosa
- escabroso
- finca
- grieta
- inclinación
- juego
- margen
- monte
- movediza
- movedizo
- nacional
- ondulada
- ondulado
- orientar
- parque
- pelada
- pelado
- pendiente
- polígono
- regar
- reseca
- reseco
- revalorizar
- salar
- salvaje
- sanear
- solar
- terrena
- terruño
- tierra
- triangular
- abrupto
- accidentado
- accidente
- adaptar
- agreste
- alameda
- altibajos
- anegar
- arbolado
- arenoso
- asentar
English:
dirt bike
- estate
- extend
- feeler
- flatten
- foresight
- gain
- gain on
- ground
- gulley
- gully
- ice
- jeep
- level
- lose
- lot
- out-of-bounds
- parcel
- patch
- pitch
- plot
- recreation ground
- rent
- rugged
- ruggedness
- scout
- spread
- stretch
- survey
- tenure
- terrain
- testing ground
- tract
- uneven
- unfold
- way
- area
- common
- country
- ease
- green
- mostly
- piece
- preserve
- property
- province
- reclaim
- site

* * *

terreno, -a

♦ adj
Formal [vida] earthly; [bienes, preocupaciones] worldly
♦ nm

1. [suelo] land;
[por su relieve] terrain; [por su composición, utilidad agrícola] soil;
grandes extensiones de terreno large tracts of land;

terreno montañoso/abrupto mountainous/rugged terrain;

terreno arenoso/volcánico sandy/volcanic soil;

el terreno era irregular the ground was uneven;

Comp

ser terreno abonado (para algo) to be fertile ground (for sth)

Comp
terreno agrícola farmland;
terreno cultivable arable land;

terreno edificable land suitable for development;

terreno rústico land unsuitable for development;

terreno urbanizable land suitable for development;

terreno no urbanizable land unsuitable for development

2. [parcela, solar] plot (of land);

tenemos unos terrenos en el pueblo we have some land in the village

3. [en deportes]
terreno (de juego) field, Br pitch;

los jugadores saltaron al terreno de juego the players came out onto the field o Br pitch

4. [ámbito] field;

en el terreno de la música/medicina in the field of music/medicine;

tiene muchos problemas en el terreno personal she has a lot of problems in her private life;

ha habido muchos avances en este terreno there have been considerable advances in this field

5. [territorio] ground;

estar o [m5] encontrarse en su propio terreno to be on home ground;

estar en o [m5]pisar terreno conocido/desconocido/firme to be on familiar/unfamiliar/solid ground;

llevar algo/a alguien a su terreno: sabe llevar las conversaciones a su terreno he knows how to steer conversations round to what interests him;

la campeona supo llevar a su terreno a la tenista holandesa the champion was able to impose her own terms on the Dutch player;

sabe llevar cualquier canción a su terreno he is capable of making any song his own;

Comp

ceder terreno to give ground;

Comp

ganar terreno to gain ground;

le está ganando terreno a su rival he's gaining ground on his rival;

Comp

perder terreno (ante alguien) to lose ground (to sb);

Comp

preparar el terreno (para algo/a alguien) to pave the way (for sth/sb);

Comp

reconocer o [m5] tantear el terreno to see how the land lies;

Comp

sabe el terreno que pisa she knows what she is about;

Comp

sobre el terreno: estudiar algo sobre el terreno to study something in the field;

resolveremos los problemas sobre el terreno we'll solve the problems as we go along

* * *

terreno

I adj earthly, worldly

II m land; fig

field;

un terreno a lot, Br a plot o

piece of land;

sobre el terreno in the field;

ganar/perder terreno fig gain/lose ground;

tantear el terreno fig see how the land lies;

llevar a alguien a su terreno get s.o. on one’s home ground;

pisar terreno resbaladizo fig be on slippery ground

* * *

terreno nm

1) : terrain

2) suelo: earth, ground

3) : plot, tract of land

4)

perder terreno : to lose ground

5)

preparar el terreno : to pave the way

* * *

terreno n

1. (tierra) land

van a construir en ese terreno they going to build on that land

Carlos se ha comprado un terreno Carlos has bought a piece of land

2. (de una actividad) field

el terreno de la literatura the field of literature

terreno de juego pitch

Spanish-English dictionary > terreno
18 Lever, William Hesketh

SUBJECT AREA: Architecture and building, Domestic appliances and interiors

[br]

b. 19 September 1851 Bolton, Lancashire, England

d. 7 May 1925 Hampstead, London, England

[br]

English manufacturer of soap.

[br]

William Hesketh Lever was the son of the retail grocer James Lever, who built up the large wholesale firm of Lever \& Co. in the north-west of England. William entered the firm at the age of 19 as a commercial traveller, and in the course of his work studied the techniques of manufacture and the quality of commercial soaps available at the time. He decided that he would concentrate on the production of a soap that was not evil-smelling, would lather easily and be attractively packaged. In 1884 he produced Sunlight Soap, which became the trade mark for Lever \& Co. He had each tablet wrapped, partly to protect the soap from oxygenization and thus prevent it from becoming rancid, and partly to display his brand name as a form of advertising. In 1885 he raised a large capital sum, purchased the Soap Factory in Warrington of Winser \& Co., and began manufacture. His product contained oils from copra, palm and cotton blended with tallow and resin, and its quality was carefully monitored during production. In a short time it was in great demand and began to replace the previously available alternatives of home-made soap and poor-quality, unpleasant-smelling bars.

It soon became necessary to expand the firm's premises, and in 1887 Lever purchased fifty-six acres of land upon which he set up a new centre of manufacture. This was in the Wirral in Cheshire, near the banks of the River Mersey. Production at the new factory, which was called Port Sunlight, began in January 1889. Lever introduced a number of technical improvements in the production process, including the heating systems and the recovery of glycerine (which could later be sold) from the boiling process.

Like Sir Titus Salt of Saltaire before him, Lever believed it to be in the interest of the firm to house his workers in a high standard of building and comfort close to the factory.

By the early twentieth century he had created Port Sunlight Village, one of the earliest and certainly the most impressive housing estates, for his employees. Architecturally the estate is highly successful, being built from a variety of natural materials and vernacular styles by a number of distinguished architects, so preventing an overall architectural monotony. The comprehensive estate comprises, in addition to the factory and houses, a church, an art gallery, schools, a cottage hospital, library, bank, fire station, post office and shops, as well as an inn and working men's institute, both of which were later additions. In 1894 Lever \& Co. went public and soon was amalgamated with other soap firms. It was at its most successful high point by 1910.

[br]

Principal Honours and Distinctions

First Viscount Leverhulme of the Western Isles.

Further Reading

1985, Dictionary of Business Biography. Butterworth.

Ian Campbell Bradley, 1987, Enlightened Entrepreneurs, London: Weidenfeld \& Nicolson.

DY

Biographical history of technology > Lever, William Hesketh
19 Sullivan, Louis Henry

SUBJECT AREA: Architecture and building

[br]

b. 3 September 1856 Boston, Massachusetts, USA

d. 14 April 1924 Chicago, Illinois, USA

[br]

American architect whose work came to be known as the "Chicago School of Architecture" and who created a new style of architecture suited specifically to steel-frame, high-rise structures.

[br]

Sullivan, a Bostonian, studied at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Soon he joined his parents, who had moved to Chicago, and worked for a while in the office of William Le Baron Jenney, the pioneer of steel-frame construction. After spending some time studying at the Ecole des Beaux Arts in Paris, in 1875 Sullivan returned to Chicago, where he later met and worked for the Danish architect Dankmar Adler, who was practising there. In 1881 the two architects became partners, and during the succeeding fifteen years they produced their finest work and the buildings for which Sullivan is especially known.

During the early 1880s in Chicago, load-bearing, metal-framework structures that made lofty skyscrapers possible had been developed (see Jenney and Holabird). Louis H.Sullivan initiated building design to stress and complement the metal structure rather than hide it. Moving onwards from H.H.Richardson's treatment of his Marshall Field Wholesale Store in Chicago, Sullivan took the concept several stages further. His first outstanding work, built with Adler in 1886–9, was the Auditorium Building in Chicago. The exterior, in particular, was derived largely from Richardson's Field Store, and the building—now restored—is of bold but simple design, massively built in granite and stone, its form stressing the structure beneath. The architects' reputation was established with this building.

The firm of Sullivan \& Adler established itself during the early 1890s, when they built their most famous skyscrapers. Adler was largely responsible for the structure, the acoustics and function, while Sullivan was responsible for the architectural design, concerning himself particularly with the limitation and careful handling of ornament. In 1892 he published his ideas in Ornament in Architecture, where he preached restraint in its quality and disposition. He established himself as a master of design in the building itself, producing a rhythmic simplicity of form, closely related to the structural shape beneath. The two great examples of this successful approach were the Wainwright Building in St Louis, Missouri (1890–1) and the Guaranty Building in Buffalo, New York (1894–5). The Wainwright Building was a ten-storeyed structure built in stone and brick and decorated with terracotta. The vertical line was stressed throughout but especially at the corners, where pilasters were wider. These rose unbroken to an Art Nouveau type of decorative frieze and a deeply projecting cornice above. The thirteen-storeyed Guaranty Building is Sullivan's masterpiece, a simple, bold, finely proportioned and essentially modern structure. The pilaster verticals are even more boldly stressed and decoration is at a minimum. In the twentieth century the almost free-standing supporting pillars on the ground floor have come to be called pilotis. As late as the 1920s, particularly in New York, the architectural style and decoration of skyscrapers remained traditionally eclectic, based chiefly upon Gothic or classical forms; in view of this, Sullivan's Guaranty Building was far ahead of its time.

[br]

Bibliography

Article by Louis H.Sullivan. Address delivered to architectural students June 1899, published in Canadian Architecture Vol. 18(7):52–3.

Further Reading

Hugh Morrison, 1962, Louis Sullivan: Prophet of Modern Architecture.

Willard Connely, 1961, Louis Sullivan as He Lived, New York: Horizon Press.

DY

Biographical history of technology > Sullivan, Louis Henry
20 Denny, William

SUBJECT AREA: Ports and shipping

[br]

b. 25 May 1847 Dumbarton, Scotland

d. 17 March 1887 Buenos Aires, Argentina

[br]

Scottish naval architect and partner in the leading British scientific shipbuilding company.

[br]

From 1844 until 1962, the Clyde shipyard of William Denny and Brothers, Dumbarton, produced over 1,500 ships, trained innumerable students of all nationalities in shipbuilding and marine engineering, and for the seventy-plus years of their existence were accepted worldwide as the leaders in the application of science to ship design and construction. Until the closure of the yard members of the Denny family were among the partners and later directors of the firm: they included men as distinguished as Dr Peter Denny (1821(?)–95), Sir Archibald Denny (1860–1936) and Sir Maurice Denny (1886– 1955), the main collaborator in the design of the Denny-Brown ship stabilizer.

One of the most influential of this shipbuilding family was William Denny, now referred to as William 3! His early education was at Dumbarton, then on Jersey and finally at the Royal High School, Edinburgh, before he commenced an apprenticeship at his father's shipyard. From the outset he not only showed great aptitude for learning and hard work but also displayed an ability to create good relationships with all he came into contact with. At the early age of 21 he was admitted a partner of the shipbuilding business of William Denny and Brothers, and some years later also of the associated engineering firm of Denny \& Co. His deep-felt interest in what is now known as industrial relations led him in 1871 to set up a piecework system of payment in the shipyard. In this he was helped by the Yard Manager, Richard Ramage, who later was to found the Leith shipyard, which produced the world's most elegant steam yachts. This research was published later as a pamphlet called The Worth of Wages, an unusual and forward-looking action for the 1860s, when Denny maintained that an absentee employer should earn as much contempt and disapproval as an absentee landlord! In 1880 he initiated an awards scheme for all company employees, with grants and awards for inventions and production improvements. William Denny was not slow to impose new methods and to research naval architecture, a special interest being progressive ship trials with a view to predicting effective horsepower. In time this led to his proposal to the partners to build a ship model testing tank beside the Dumbarton shipyard; this scheme was completed in 1883 and was to the third in the world (after the Admiralty tank at Torquay, managed by William Froude and the Royal Netherlands Navy facility at Amsterdam, under B.J. Tideman. In 1876 the Denny Shipyard started work with mild-quality shipbuilding steel on hulls for the Irrawaddy Flotilla Company, and in 1879 the world's first two ships of any size using this weight-saving material were produced: they were the Rotomahana for the Union Steamship Company of New Zealand and the Buenos Ayrean for the Allan Line of Glasgow. On the naval-architecture side he was involved in Denny's proposals for standard cross curves of stability for all ships, which had far-reaching effects and are now accepted worldwide. He served on the committee working on improvements to the Load Line regulations and many other similar public bodies. After a severe bout of typhoid and an almost unacceptable burden of work, he left the United Kingdom for South America in June 1886 to attend to business with La Platense Flotilla Company, an associate company of William Denny and Brothers. In March the following year, while in Buenos Aires, he died by his own hand, a death that caused great and genuine sadness in the West of Scotland and elsewhere.

[br]

Principal Honours and Distinctions

President, Institution of Engineers and Shipbuilders in Scotland 1886. FRS Edinburgh 1879.

Bibliography

William Denny presented many papers to various bodies, the most important being to the Institution of Naval Architects and to the Institution of Engineers and Shipbuilders in Scotland. The subjects include: trials results, the relation of ship speed to power, Lloyd's Numerals, tonnage measurement, layout of shipyards, steel in shipbuilding, cross curves of stability, etc.

Further Reading

A.B.Bruce, 1889, The Life of William Denny, Shipbuilder, London: Hodder \& Stoughton.

Denny Dumbarton 1844–1932 (a souvenir hard-back produced for private circulation by the shipyard).

Fred M.Walker, 1984, Song of the Clyde. A History of Clyde Shipbuilding, Cambridge: PSL.

FMW

Biographical history of technology > Denny, William

Страницы

См. также в других словарях:

Firm — Refers to an order to buy or sell that can be executed without confirmation for some fixed period. Also, a synonym for company. The New York Times Financial Glossary * * * ▪ I. firm firm 1 [fɜːm ǁ fɜːrm] noun [countable] ORGANIZATIONS a company… … Financial and business terms
firm — Refers to an order to buy or sell that can be executed without confirmation for some fixed period. Also, a synonym for company. Bloomberg Financial Dictionary At CME, it is called a clearing member firm. A company that has membership privileges… … Financial and business terms
FIRM — ( foreign investment risk matrix) Graph that displays financial and political risk by intervals on which countries may be compared according to risk ratings. Bloomberg Financial Dictionary * * * ▪ I. firm firm 1 [fɜːm ǁ fɜːrm] noun [countable]… … Financial and business terms
Architects Registration in the United Kingdom — It applies to England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.Section 2 of the Act prescribes that the Board shall appoint and regulate the functions ascribed to the Registrar. The Act refers to the Registrar by the masculine pronoun in the… … Wikipedia
firm — firm1 [ fɜrm ] adjective *** 1. ) solid but not hard: The ground beneath our feet was fairly firm and not too muddy. I sleep better on a firm mattress. firm, ripe tomatoes ─ opposite SOFT 2. ) steady and fixed in place: Make sure the ladder is… … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
firm — I UK [fɜː(r)m] / US [fɜrm] noun [countable] Word forms firm : singular firm plural firms *** a business or company a building/engineering/law firm a large firm: She works for a large firm. firm of: a firm of accountants/architects/solicitors II… … English dictionary
firm*/*/*/ — [fɜːm] noun [C] I a business, or a company a building/engineering/law firm[/ex] a firm of accountants/architects/solicitors[/ex] II adj firm */*/[fɜːm] 1) solid but not hard Ant: soft a firm mattress[/ex] 2) definite and not changing Have you set … Dictionary for writing and speaking English
OFIS Architects — Honeycomb Apartments, Izola, Slovenia … Wikipedia
McDonald Brothers (architects) — McDonald Brothers was a Louisville based firm of architects of courthouses and other public buildings. It was a partnership of brothers Kenneth McDonald (died 1904), Harry McDonald (aka Henry P. McDonald ?), and Donald McDonald founded in… … Wikipedia
Osmond Lange Architects and Planners — Infobox Company company name = Osmond Lange Architects and Planners company foundation = 1929 1 location = Johannesburg, South Africa founders = B. Osmond and Lange industry = Architecture and Planning Osmond Lange Architects and Planners is a… … Wikipedia
Fentress Architects — Infobox Architectural Practice name = Fentress Architects architects = Curtis W. Fentress, FAIA city = Denver, Colorado branches = Washington, D.C., San Jose, California founded = 1980 awards = Over 240 for design excellence significant buildings … Wikipedia

Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

Перевод: со всех языков на все языки

firm of architects

См. также в других словарях:

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

Перевод: со всех языков на все языки

firm of architects

См. также в других словарях:

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Прямая ссылка: